diff --git a/dicom-viewer/src/App.tsx b/dicom-viewer/src/App.tsx
index d082465..12aed99 100644
--- a/dicom-viewer/src/App.tsx
+++ b/dicom-viewer/src/App.tsx
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@ import { useEffect, useRef, useCallback, useState } from "react"
 import {
   RenderingEngine,
   Enums,
+  imageLoader,
+  utilities as csUtilities,
 } from "@cornerstonejs/core"
-import { init as csRenderInit, utilities as csUtilities } from "@cornerstonejs/core"
+import { init as csRenderInit } from "@cornerstonejs/core"
 import { init as csToolsInit, addTool, ToolGroupManager, Enums as csToolsEnums, PanTool, WindowLevelTool, StackScrollTool, ZoomTool, PlanarRotateTool, utilities as csToolsUtilities } from "@cornerstonejs/tools"
 import { LengthTool, ProbeTool, ArrowAnnotateTool, RectangleROITool, EllipticalROITool, PlanarFreehandROITool, PlanarFreehandContourSegmentationTool, SculptorTool, CrosshairsTool, ReferenceLinesTool, ReferenceCursors } from "@cornerstonejs/tools"
 import { init as dicomImageLoaderInit } from "@cornerstonejs/dicom-image-loader"
@@ -257,6 +259,7 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
     if (!imageId) return false;
     // Treat wadouri: as DICOM (our existing loader)
     if (imageId.startsWith('wadouri:')) return false;
+    if (imageId.startsWith('external:')) return true;
     // blob: or data:image/ or common extensions
     if (imageId.startsWith('blob:') || imageId.startsWith('data:image/')) return true;
     const lower = imageId.toLowerCase();
@@ -266,7 +269,9 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
 
   // Enable simple pan & zoom interactions for an <img> placed inside a viewport element.
   // Attaches event listeners and returns a cleanup function.
-  function enableImagePanZoom(container: HTMLElement, img: HTMLImageElement) {
+  function enableImagePanZoom(container: HTMLElement, img: HTMLImageElement, options?: { allowPan?: boolean, allowZoom?: boolean }) {
+    const allowPanInit = options?.allowPan ?? true;
+    const allowZoomInit = options?.allowZoom ?? true;
     let scale = 1;
     let translateX = 0;
     let translateY = 0;
@@ -286,7 +291,11 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
       img.style.transform = `translate(${translateX}px, ${translateY}px) scale(${scale})`;
     };
 
+    let allowPan = allowPanInit;
+    let allowZoom = allowZoomInit;
+
     const onWheel = (e: WheelEvent) => {
+      if (!allowZoom) return;
       // Zoom on wheel
       e.preventDefault();
       const rect = img.getBoundingClientRect();
@@ -305,6 +314,7 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
 
     const onMouseDown = (e: MouseEvent) => {
       if (e.button !== 0) return;
+      if (!allowPan) return;
       isPanning = true;
       startX = translateX;
       startY = translateY;
@@ -345,9 +355,11 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
 
     const onTouchStart = (e: TouchEvent) => {
       if (e.touches.length === 1) {
-        isPanning = true;
-        lastClientX = e.touches[0].clientX;
-        lastClientY = e.touches[0].clientY;
+        if (allowPan) {
+          isPanning = true;
+          lastClientX = e.touches[0].clientX;
+          lastClientY = e.touches[0].clientY;
+        }
       } else if (e.touches.length === 2) {
         lastTouchDist = getTouchDist(e.touches[0], e.touches[1]);
       }
@@ -362,7 +374,7 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
         lastClientX = e.touches[0].clientX;
         lastClientY = e.touches[0].clientY;
         apply();
-      } else if (e.touches.length === 2) {
+      } else if (e.touches.length === 2 && allowZoom) {
         const curDist = getTouchDist(e.touches[0], e.touches[1]);
         if (lastTouchDist > 0) {
           const zoomFactor = curDist / lastTouchDist;
@@ -412,7 +424,12 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
       img.style.willChange = '';
     };
 
-    return cleanup;
+    // Return control functions so we can update allowed interactions later
+    return {
+      cleanup,
+      setAllowPan: (v: boolean) => { allowPan = v; },
+      setAllowZoom: (v: boolean) => { allowZoom = v; },
+    };
   }
 
   const [stackOrderModified, setStackOrderModified] = useState(false);
@@ -614,7 +631,8 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
       try {
         const img = new Image();
         img.crossOrigin = 'anonymous';
-        img.src = chosenImageId as string;
+        const src = (chosenImageId as string).replace(/^external:/, '');
+        img.src = src;
         await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
           img.onload = () => resolve(true);
           img.onerror = (e) => reject(e);
@@ -1144,6 +1162,28 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
           toolGroup.setToolActive(tool, { bindings });
         });
 
+        // Also update external image handlers (pan/zoom) to respect selected tools
+        try {
+          const primaryTool = mouseToolBindings.Primary;
+          const wheelTool = mouseToolBindings.Wheel;
+          const auxTool = mouseToolBindings.Auxiliary;
+          // Determine whether pan/zoom should be enabled for primary/wheel interactions
+          const allowPan = primaryTool === PanTool.toolName || auxTool === PanTool.toolName;
+          const allowZoom = primaryTool === ZoomTool.toolName || wheelTool === ZoomTool.toolName || mouseToolBindings.Primary_and_Secondary === ZoomTool.toolName;
+
+          // Iterate viewports and update external handlers
+          viewportRefs.current.forEach((el) => {
+            if (!el) return;
+            const ext = (el as any)._externalPanZoom;
+            if (ext) {
+              if (typeof ext.setAllowPan === 'function') ext.setAllowPan(!!allowPan);
+              if (typeof ext.setAllowZoom === 'function') ext.setAllowZoom(!!allowZoom);
+            }
+          });
+        } catch (e) {
+          // ignore
+        }
+
         //// Always re-apply the mouse wheel binding for StackScrollTool
         //toolGroup.setToolActive(StackScrollTool.toolName, {
         //  bindings: [
@@ -1187,11 +1227,11 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
       }
     }
 
-    // Create imageIds: use wadouri: for DICOM files, direct blob URLs for image files
+    // Create imageIds: use wadouri: for DICOM files, `external:` for image files
     const imageIds = fileArray.map((file) => {
       const isImage = file.type && file.type.startsWith('image/');
       if (isImage) {
-        return URL.createObjectURL(file);
+        return `external:${URL.createObjectURL(file)}`;
       }
       return `wadouri:${URL.createObjectURL(file)}`;
     });
@@ -1321,6 +1361,53 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
         await csToolsInit(
         );
         dicomImageLoaderInit();
+        // Register client-side image loader for external images (JPEG/PNG/blob/data)
+        try {
+          imageLoader.registerImageLoader('external', async (imageId: string) => {
+            // imageId expected as 'external:<url>'
+            const url = imageId.replace(/^external:/, '');
+            const img = new Image();
+            img.crossOrigin = 'anonymous';
+            img.src = url;
+            await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+              img.onload = () => resolve(true);
+              img.onerror = (e) => reject(e);
+            });
+
+            const w = img.naturalWidth || img.width;
+            const h = img.naturalHeight || img.height;
+            const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
+            canvas.width = w;
+            canvas.height = h;
+            const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
+            if (!ctx) throw new Error('Unable to create canvas context');
+            ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, w, h);
+            const im = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, w, h);
+
+            const image = {
+              imageId,
+              minPixelValue: 0,
+              maxPixelValue: 255,
+              slope: 1.0,
+              intercept: 0,
+              rows: h,
+              columns: w,
+              height: h,
+              width: w,
+              color: true,
+              rgba: true,
+              sizeInBytes: im.data.length,
+              getPixelData: () => im.data,
+              // Some Cornerstone APIs expect `getImageData` or `getCanvas` - provide canvas and ImageData
+              getImageData: () => im,
+              getCanvas: () => canvas,
+            } as any;
+
+            return image;
+          });
+        } catch (e) {
+          console.warn('Failed to register external image loader', e);
+        }
       }
 
 
@@ -1438,14 +1525,14 @@ function App({ container_id, imageStacks, autoCacheStack, annotationJson, viewer
                 img.style.height = '100%';
                 img.style.objectFit = 'contain';
                 img.style.display = 'block';
-                img.src = firstId as string;
+                img.src = (firstId as string).replace(/^external:/, '');
                 // allow drag to open in new tab etc.
                 img.setAttribute('draggable', 'false');
                 element.appendChild(img);
 
                 // Attach pan/zoom interactions to this external image
-                const cleanup = enableImagePanZoom(element, img);
-                (element as any)._externalPanZoom = { cleanup };
+                const ext = enableImagePanZoom(element, img);
+                (element as any)._externalPanZoom = ext;
 
                 // Do not attach DICOM-specific tools to external images
                 mainToolGroup.removeViewports(renderingEngineId, viewportId);