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**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Sagittal T1 C+ MR shows a cystic mass with an enhancing nodule <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, consistent with hemangioblastoma, pushing the tonsils inferiorly through the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Note effaced 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>, enlarged foramen of Monro <img src='img/arrows/CS.png'/>, and enlarged 3rd <img src='img/arrows/CO.png'/> and lateral <img src='img/arrows/CC.png'/> ventricles, consistent with obstructive hydrocephalus.*
![Sagittal T1 C+ MR shows a cystic mass with an enhancing nodule <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, consistent with hemangioblastoma, pushing the tonsils inferiorly through the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Note effaced 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>, enlarged foramen of Monro <img src='img/arrows/CS.png'/>, and enlarged 3rd <img src='img/arrows/CO.png'/> and lateral <img src='img/arrows/CC.png'/> ventricles, consistent with obstructive hydrocephalus.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_d93e03ab-ee6a-4de8-b332-8660df2448e1_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_c96838274df7ff30ca2c110018853d2c1935108f.jpg)
**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Sagittal T1 C+ MR shows a cystic mass with an enhancing nodule <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, consistent with hemangioblastoma, pushing the tonsils inferiorly through the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Note effaced 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>, enlarged foramen of Monro <img src='img/arrows/CS.png'/>, and enlarged 3rd <img src='img/arrows/CO.png'/> and lateral <img src='img/arrows/CC.png'/> ventricles, consistent with obstructive hydrocephalus.*
![Sagittal T1 C+ MR shows a cystic mass with an enhancing nodule <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, consistent with hemangioblastoma, pushing the tonsils inferiorly through the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Note effaced 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>, enlarged foramen of Monro <img src='img/arrows/CS.png'/>, and enlarged 3rd <img src='img/arrows/CO.png'/> and lateral <img src='img/arrows/CC.png'/> ventricles, consistent with obstructive hydrocephalus.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_d93e03ab-ee6a-4de8-b332-8660df2448e1_size_174_quality_85_c6e99252.jpg)
**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Sagittal T1 C+ MR shows a cystic mass with an enhancing nodule <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, consistent with hemangioblastoma, pushing the tonsils inferiorly through the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Note effaced 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>, enlarged foramen of Monro <img src='img/arrows/CS.png'/>, and enlarged 3rd <img src='img/arrows/CO.png'/> and lateral <img src='img/arrows/CC.png'/> ventricles, consistent with obstructive hydrocephalus.*
![Sagittal T1 C+ MR shows a cystic mass with an enhancing nodule <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, consistent with hemangioblastoma, pushing the tonsils inferiorly through the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Note effaced 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>, enlarged foramen of Monro <img src='img/arrows/CS.png'/>, and enlarged 3rd <img src='img/arrows/CO.png'/> and lateral <img src='img/arrows/CC.png'/> ventricles, consistent with obstructive hydrocephalus.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_d93e03ab-ee6a-4de8-b332-8660df2448e1_size_174_quality_85_cc0d5b70d1f575b33fbafa4089ff979be07c8005.jpg)
**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Sagittal T1 C+ MR shows a cystic mass with an enhancing nodule <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, consistent with hemangioblastoma, pushing the tonsils inferiorly through the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Note effaced 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>, enlarged foramen of Monro <img src='img/arrows/CS.png'/>, and enlarged 3rd <img src='img/arrows/CO.png'/> and lateral <img src='img/arrows/CC.png'/> ventricles, consistent with obstructive hydrocephalus.*
![Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>, effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum, and associated cervicothoracic syrinx <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_f32667fd-ebff-4c5c-bd14-80a9c76d4c17_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_0d739782.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>, effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum, and associated cervicothoracic syrinx <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>.*
![Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>, effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum, and associated cervicothoracic syrinx <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_f32667fd-ebff-4c5c-bd14-80a9c76d4c17_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_3856a5408550d23f6ce73201ca76207875600145.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>, effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum, and associated cervicothoracic syrinx <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>.*
![Sagittal T2 MR shows a small posterior fossa with extension of the cerebellar peg <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> through the foramen magnum to the level of C6. The cervicomedullary junction and 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> are low-lying and there is mild tectal beaking <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/> and moderate prominence of the massa intermedia <img src='img/arrows/BS.png'/>.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_3c1182ce-603f-414b-9ecd-728488f8ea13_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_73ce0e43.jpg)
**Chiari 2**
*Sagittal T2 MR shows a small posterior fossa with extension of the cerebellar peg <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> through the foramen magnum to the level of C6. The cervicomedullary junction and 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> are low-lying and there is mild tectal beaking <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/> and moderate prominence of the massa intermedia <img src='img/arrows/BS.png'/>.*
@@ -267,10 +279,18 @@ breadcrumbs:
**Dandy-Walker Continuum**
*Sagittal T1WI MR demonstrates a markedly enlarged posterior fossa with cystic dilatation of the 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>, upwardly rotated hypoplastic vermis <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>, and low-lying torcular Herophili <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/>.*
![Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> and effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_dac4c49b-c2b5-416f-a085-f7b7e6de8e51_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_124996df6709de408f0f71443497b1d554b5bac4.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> and effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum.*
![Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> and effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_dac4c49b-c2b5-416f-a085-f7b7e6de8e51_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_60d55480.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T2 MR in a patient with occipital headaches shows a significantly pointed configuration of a low-lying cerebellar tonsil <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> to the level of the midposterior ring of C2. Notice also the dorsally tilted dens <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> and effacement of CSF at the foramen magnum.*
![Sagittal T1WI MR shows inferior extension of the peg-like cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> well below the level of the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/>, consistent with Chiari 1.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_bf765af5-15a4-473e-8df5-a11a991e90bc_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_0ceddc8d28a40a3fb37de01ff06a003db234bdd5.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T1WI MR shows inferior extension of the peg-like cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> well below the level of the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/>, consistent with Chiari 1.*
![Sagittal T1WI MR shows inferior extension of the peg-like cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> well below the level of the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/>, consistent with Chiari 1.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_bf765af5-15a4-473e-8df5-a11a991e90bc_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_1e09c50d.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T1WI MR shows inferior extension of the peg-like cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> well below the level of the foramen magnum <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/>, consistent with Chiari 1.*
@@ -279,14 +299,30 @@ breadcrumbs:
**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Axial T2WI MR at the level of the foramen magnum demonstrates downward tonsillar herniation <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> secondary to mass affect from brain death.*
![Axial T2WI MR at the level of the foramen magnum demonstrates downward tonsillar herniation <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> secondary to mass affect from brain death.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_4ec0f703-c702-49e8-a1ed-adb06f9da9c5_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_9c73d7b8c98a0750e1e39da7ca30d691345c61f0.jpg)
**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Axial T2WI MR at the level of the foramen magnum demonstrates downward tonsillar herniation <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> secondary to mass affect from brain death.*
![Sagittal T1WI MR shows cerebellar tonsillar herniation <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/> from a large left posterior fossa mass. Note compression of 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Supratentorial ventricles are enlarged <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_8aaa21ec-1c19-4e6c-8181-592b3df7869d_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_60eba5bd.jpg)
**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Sagittal T1WI MR shows cerebellar tonsillar herniation <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/> from a large left posterior fossa mass. Note compression of 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Supratentorial ventricles are enlarged <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>.*
![Sagittal T1WI MR shows cerebellar tonsillar herniation <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/> from a large left posterior fossa mass. Note compression of 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Supratentorial ventricles are enlarged <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_8aaa21ec-1c19-4e6c-8181-592b3df7869d_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_bff1399a0f1c25ad652a2e142b450c818359330b.jpg)
**Herniation Syndromes, Intracranial**
*Sagittal T1WI MR shows cerebellar tonsillar herniation <img src='img/arrows/WC.png'/> from a large left posterior fossa mass. Note compression of 4th ventricle <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/>. Supratentorial ventricles are enlarged <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/>.*
![Sagittal CINE phase-contrast CSF flow - diastolic shows diminished posterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> compared to anterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/> at the site of tonsillar impaction.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_bbdce702-8985-4ec6-a3e4-cad6dea34ada_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_46dc142616e37b8a1603cb941dffb273010b2d9e.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal CINE phase-contrast CSF flow - diastolic shows diminished posterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> compared to anterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/> at the site of tonsillar impaction.*
![Sagittal CINE phase-contrast CSF flow - diastolic shows diminished posterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> compared to anterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/> at the site of tonsillar impaction.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_bbdce702-8985-4ec6-a3e4-cad6dea34ada_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_9fd2b7f0.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal CINE phase-contrast CSF flow - diastolic shows diminished posterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/WS.png'/> compared to anterior CSF flow <img src='img/arrows/BO.png'/> at the site of tonsillar impaction.*
![Sagittal T2WI MR shows a classic case of Chiari 1 with pointed cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> protruding through the foramen magnum and effacing the cisterna magna.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_6840be04-8ddf-44dd-90f5-533d79cc1e88_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_0c4ea20fe9e90a19f0729cd70fccb1e840ba42fa.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T2WI MR shows a classic case of Chiari 1 with pointed cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> protruding through the foramen magnum and effacing the cisterna magna.*
![Sagittal T2WI MR shows a classic case of Chiari 1 with pointed cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> protruding through the foramen magnum and effacing the cisterna magna.](images/app.statdx.com_image_thumbnail_6840be04-8ddf-44dd-90f5-533d79cc1e88_annotated_true_size_900_quality_90_19b200f9.jpg)
**Chiari 1**
*Sagittal T2WI MR shows a classic case of Chiari 1 with pointed cerebellar tonsils <img src='img/arrows/WO.png'/> protruding through the foramen magnum and effacing the cisterna magna.*