feat: Add new articles on Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis, Finger-in-Glove Sign, and Tracheal Dilatation; update content index and document conversion script

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+---
+title: "Tracheal Dilatation"
+docid: "25c1fd77-52ff-4a56-b5c4-6ee1335ba369"
+breadcrumbs:
+  - "Chest"
+  - "Differential Diagnosis"
+  - "Airways"
+  - "General Imaging Patterns"
+  - "Tracheal Dilatation"
+---
+# ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
+
+- ## Key Differential Diagnosis Issues
+  
+  
+    - Tracheal wall composed of several layers: Mucosa, submucosa, cartilage or muscle, and adventitia
+    - Horseshoe-shaped bands of hyaline cartilage support anterior and lateral tracheal walls
+    - Posterior tracheal wall lacks cartilage and is supported by band of smooth muscle
+    - During expiration: Anterior bulging of posterior wall of intrathoracic trachea and ↓ of tracheal AP diameter by 32%
+    - Tracheal dilatation
+          - Women
+                  - Tracheal transverse diameter > 21 mm, sagittal diameter > 23 mm
+          - Men
+                  - Tracheal transverse diameter > 25 mm, sagittal diameter > 27 mm
+          - Tracheal index: Coronal diameter/sagittal diameter measured 1 cm above aortic arch
+                  - Normal index ~ 1
+- ## Helpful Clues for Common Diagnoses
+  
+  
+    - **Upper Lobe Fibrosis**
+          - Retraction of tracheobronchial walls
+                  - Tuberculosis
+                  - Sarcoidosis
+                  - Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
+    - **Overdistention of Endotracheal Tube Cuff**
+          - Endotracheal tube or tracheostomy cannula cuff should not result in tracheal wall bulging
+          - Endotracheal cuff located 2 cm from distal end
+          - Overinflation of balloon to 1.5x diameter of normal trachea is associated with tracheal injury
+    - **Saber-Sheath Trachea**
+          - ↓ in coronal diameter of intrathoracic trachea associated with ↑ in sagittal diameter
+          - Associated with COPD (95%)
+          - Likely related to abnormal intrathoracic pressure
+    - **Tracheobronchomalacia**
+          - Condition characterized by excessive airway collapsibility caused by weakness of airway walls due to softening or destruction of supporting cartilage
+          - Tracheomalacia patients have dilated and flaccid airway
+          - ↓ in cross-sectional area > 70% during expiration compared with inspiration is generally considered diagnostic
+- ## Helpful Clues for Less Common Diagnoses
+  
+  
+    - **Tracheal Diverticulum**
+          - Mucosal herniation through tracheal wall from ↑ intraluminal pressure
+          - Right posterolateral tracheal wall near thoracic inlet
+          - Between tracheal cartilaginous and muscular portions
+          - Communication with tracheal lumen rarely identified
+    - **Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome**
+          - Atrophy of muscular and elastic tissues in walls of trachea and mainstem bronchi
+          - More common in men
+          - Tracheal diameter > 30 mm (81.2%)
+          - Bronchiectasis (48.6-57.6%)
+          - Tracheal wall corrugated due to mucosa herniating between tracheal rings